hh

.env.example

@@ -42,6 +42,19 @@ UNIFIED_API_PORT=5005
 PISTON_API_URL=https://emkc.org/api/v2/piston/execute # Example public Piston instance URL
 # PISTON_API_KEY=YOUR_PISTON_API_KEY_IF_NEEDED # Optional, depending on the Piston instance used
 
+# PostgreSQL Configuration (If using PostgreSQL for features like economy, settings, etc.)
+# POSTGRES_HOST=localhost
+# POSTGRES_PORT=5432
+# POSTGRES_USER=your_postgres_user
+# POSTGRES_PASSWORD=your_postgres_password
+# POSTGRES_DB=your_primary_database_name # e.g., bot-economy
+# POSTGRES_SETTINGS_DB=your_settings_database_name # e.g., discord_bot_settings
+
+# Redis Configuration (If using Redis for caching, etc.)
+# REDIS_HOST=localhost
+# REDIS_PORT=6379
+# REDIS_PASSWORD=your_redis_password # Optional
+
 # Terminal Command Execution Configuration (For GurtCog run_terminal_command tool)
 GURT_SAFETY_CHECK_MODEL=openai/gpt-4.1-nano # Model for AI safety check (e.g., openai/gpt-4.1-nano)
 DOCKER_EXEC_IMAGE=alpine:latest # Docker image for command execution (e.g., alpine:latest)

cogs/settings_cog.py

@@ -0,0 +1,208 @@
+import discord
+from discord.ext import commands
+import logging
+from discordbot import settings_manager # Assuming settings_manager is accessible
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+# CORE_COGS definition moved to main.py
+
+class SettingsCog(commands.Cog, name="Settings"):
+    """Commands for server administrators to configure the bot."""
+
+    def __init__(self, bot: commands.Bot):
+        self.bot = bot
+
+    # --- Prefix Management ---
+    @commands.command(name='setprefix', help="Sets the command prefix for this server. Usage: `setprefix <new_prefix>`")
+    @commands.has_permissions(administrator=True)
+    @commands.guild_only()
+    async def set_prefix(self, ctx: commands.Context, new_prefix: str):
+        """Sets the command prefix for the current guild."""
+        if not new_prefix:
+            await ctx.send("Prefix cannot be empty.")
+            return
+        if len(new_prefix) > 10: # Arbitrary limit
+             await ctx.send("Prefix cannot be longer than 10 characters.")
+             return
+        if new_prefix.isspace():
+             await ctx.send("Prefix cannot be just whitespace.")
+             return
+
+        guild_id = ctx.guild.id
+        success = await settings_manager.set_guild_prefix(guild_id, new_prefix)
+
+        if success:
+            await ctx.send(f"Command prefix for this server has been set to: `{new_prefix}`")
+            log.info(f"Prefix updated for guild {guild_id} to '{new_prefix}' by {ctx.author.name}")
+        else:
+            await ctx.send("Failed to set the prefix. Please check the logs.")
+            log.error(f"Failed to save prefix for guild {guild_id}")
+
+    @commands.command(name='showprefix', help="Shows the current command prefix for this server.")
+    @commands.guild_only()
+    async def show_prefix(self, ctx: commands.Context):
+        """Shows the current command prefix."""
+        # We need the bot's default prefix as a fallback
+        # This might need access to the bot instance's initial config or a constant
+        default_prefix = self.bot.command_prefix # This might not work if command_prefix is the callable
+        # Use the constant defined in main.py if possible, or keep a local fallback
+        default_prefix_fallback = "!" # TODO: Get default prefix reliably if needed elsewhere
+
+        guild_id = ctx.guild.id
+        current_prefix = await settings_manager.get_guild_prefix(guild_id, default_prefix_fallback)
+        await ctx.send(f"The current command prefix for this server is: `{current_prefix}`")
+
+
+    # --- Cog Management ---
+    @commands.command(name='enablecog', help="Enables a specific module (cog) for this server. Usage: `enablecog <CogName>`")
+    @commands.has_permissions(administrator=True)
+    @commands.guild_only()
+    async def enable_cog(self, ctx: commands.Context, cog_name: str):
+        """Enables a cog for the current guild."""
+        # Validate if cog exists
+        if cog_name not in self.bot.cogs:
+            await ctx.send(f"Error: Cog `{cog_name}` not found.")
+            return
+
+        if cog_name in CORE_COGS:
+             await ctx.send(f"Error: Core cog `{cog_name}` cannot be disabled/enabled.")
+             return
+
+        guild_id = ctx.guild.id
+        success = await settings_manager.set_cog_enabled(guild_id, cog_name, enabled=True)
+
+        if success:
+            await ctx.send(f"Module `{cog_name}` has been enabled for this server.")
+            log.info(f"Cog '{cog_name}' enabled for guild {guild_id} by {ctx.author.name}")
+        else:
+            await ctx.send(f"Failed to enable module `{cog_name}`. Check logs.")
+            log.error(f"Failed to enable cog '{cog_name}' for guild {guild_id}")
+
+    @commands.command(name='disablecog', help="Disables a specific module (cog) for this server. Usage: `disablecog <CogName>`")
+    @commands.has_permissions(administrator=True)
+    @commands.guild_only()
+    async def disable_cog(self, ctx: commands.Context, cog_name: str):
+        """Disables a cog for the current guild."""
+        if cog_name not in self.bot.cogs:
+            await ctx.send(f"Error: Cog `{cog_name}` not found.")
+            return
+
+        if cog_name in CORE_COGS:
+             await ctx.send(f"Error: Core cog `{cog_name}` cannot be disabled.")
+             return
+
+        guild_id = ctx.guild.id
+        success = await settings_manager.set_cog_enabled(guild_id, cog_name, enabled=False)
+
+        if success:
+            await ctx.send(f"Module `{cog_name}` has been disabled for this server.")
+            log.info(f"Cog '{cog_name}' disabled for guild {guild_id} by {ctx.author.name}")
+        else:
+            await ctx.send(f"Failed to disable module `{cog_name}`. Check logs.")
+            log.error(f"Failed to disable cog '{cog_name}' for guild {guild_id}")
+
+    @commands.command(name='listcogs', help="Lists all available modules (cogs) and their status for this server.")
+    @commands.guild_only()
+    async def list_cogs(self, ctx: commands.Context):
+        """Lists available cogs and their enabled/disabled status."""
+        guild_id = ctx.guild.id
+        # Note: Default enabled status might need adjustment based on desired behavior
+        # If a cog has no entry in the DB, should it be considered enabled or disabled by default?
+        # Let's assume default_enabled=True for now.
+        default_behavior = True
+
+        embed = discord.Embed(title="Available Modules (Cogs)", color=discord.Color.blue())
+        lines = []
+        # Use the CORE_COGS defined at the top of this file
+        core_cogs_list = CORE_COGS
+
+        for cog_name in sorted(self.bot.cogs.keys()):
+            is_enabled = await settings_manager.is_cog_enabled(guild_id, cog_name, default_enabled=default_behavior)
+            status = "✅ Enabled" if is_enabled else "❌ Disabled"
+            if cog_name in core_cogs_list:
+                status += " (Core)"
+            lines.append(f"`{cog_name}`: {status}")
+
+        embed.description = "\n".join(lines) if lines else "No cogs found."
+        await ctx.send(embed=embed)
+
+
+    # --- Command Permission Management (Basic Role-Based) ---
+    @commands.command(name='allowcmd', help="Allows a role to use a specific command. Usage: `allowcmd <command_name> <@Role>`")
+    @commands.has_permissions(administrator=True)
+    @commands.guild_only()
+    async def allow_command(self, ctx: commands.Context, command_name: str, role: discord.Role):
+        """Allows a specific role to use a command."""
+        command = self.bot.get_command(command_name)
+        if not command:
+            await ctx.send(f"Error: Command `{command_name}` not found.")
+            return
+
+        guild_id = ctx.guild.id
+        role_id = role.id
+        success = await settings_manager.add_command_permission(guild_id, command_name, role_id)
+
+        if success:
+            await ctx.send(f"Role `{role.name}` is now allowed to use command `{command_name}`.")
+            log.info(f"Permission added for command '{command_name}', role '{role.name}' ({role_id}) in guild {guild_id} by {ctx.author.name}")
+        else:
+            await ctx.send(f"Failed to add permission for command `{command_name}`. Check logs.")
+            log.error(f"Failed to add permission for command '{command_name}', role {role_id} in guild {guild_id}")
+
+
+    @commands.command(name='disallowcmd', help="Disallows a role from using a specific command. Usage: `disallowcmd <command_name> <@Role>`")
+    @commands.has_permissions(administrator=True)
+    @commands.guild_only()
+    async def disallow_command(self, ctx: commands.Context, command_name: str, role: discord.Role):
+        """Disallows a specific role from using a command."""
+        command = self.bot.get_command(command_name)
+        if not command:
+            await ctx.send(f"Error: Command `{command_name}` not found.")
+            return
+
+        guild_id = ctx.guild.id
+        role_id = role.id
+        success = await settings_manager.remove_command_permission(guild_id, command_name, role_id)
+
+        if success:
+            await ctx.send(f"Role `{role.name}` is no longer allowed to use command `{command_name}`.")
+            log.info(f"Permission removed for command '{command_name}', role '{role.name}' ({role_id}) in guild {guild_id} by {ctx.author.name}")
+        else:
+            await ctx.send(f"Failed to remove permission for command `{command_name}`. Check logs.")
+            log.error(f"Failed to remove permission for command '{command_name}', role {role_id} in guild {guild_id}")
+
+    # TODO: Add command to list permissions?
+
+    # --- Error Handling for this Cog ---
+    @set_prefix.error
+    @enable_cog.error
+    @disable_cog.error
+    @allow_command.error
+    @disallow_command.error
+    async def on_command_error(self, ctx: commands.Context, error):
+        if isinstance(error, commands.MissingPermissions):
+            await ctx.send("You need Administrator permissions to use this command.")
+        elif isinstance(error, commands.BadArgument):
+            await ctx.send(f"Invalid argument provided. Check the command help: `{ctx.prefix}help {ctx.command.name}`")
+        elif isinstance(error, commands.MissingRequiredArgument):
+             await ctx.send(f"Missing required argument. Check the command help: `{ctx.prefix}help {ctx.command.name}`")
+        elif isinstance(error, commands.NoPrivateMessage):
+            await ctx.send("This command cannot be used in private messages.")
+        else:
+            log.error(f"Unhandled error in SettingsCog command '{ctx.command.name}': {error}")
+            await ctx.send("An unexpected error occurred. Please check the logs.")
+
+
+async def setup(bot: commands.Bot):
+    # Ensure pools are initialized before adding the cog
+    if settings_manager.pg_pool is None or settings_manager.redis_pool is None:
+        log.warning("Settings Manager pools not initialized before loading SettingsCog. Attempting initialization.")
+        try:
+            await settings_manager.initialize_pools()
+        except Exception as e:
+            log.exception("Failed to initialize Settings Manager pools during SettingsCog setup. Cog will not load.")
+            return # Prevent loading if pools fail
+
+    await bot.add_cog(SettingsCog(bot))
+    log.info("SettingsCog loaded.")

cogs/welcome_cog.py

@@ -0,0 +1,212 @@
+import discord
+from discord.ext import commands
+import logging
+from discordbot import settings_manager # Assuming settings_manager is accessible
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+class WelcomeCog(commands.Cog):
+    """Handles welcome and goodbye messages for guilds."""
+
+    def __init__(self, bot: commands.Bot):
+        self.bot = bot
+
+    @commands.Cog.listener()
+    async def on_member_join(self, member: discord.Member):
+        """Sends a welcome message when a new member joins."""
+        guild = member.guild
+        if not guild:
+            return
+
+        log.debug(f"Member {member.name} joined guild {guild.name} ({guild.id})")
+
+        # --- Fetch settings ---
+        welcome_channel_id_str = await settings_manager.get_setting(guild.id, 'welcome_channel_id')
+        welcome_message_template = await settings_manager.get_setting(guild.id, 'welcome_message', default="Welcome {user} to {server}!")
+
+        # Handle the "__NONE__" marker for potentially unset values
+        if not welcome_channel_id_str or welcome_channel_id_str == "__NONE__":
+            log.debug(f"Welcome channel not configured for guild {guild.id}")
+            return
+
+        try:
+            welcome_channel_id = int(welcome_channel_id_str)
+            channel = guild.get_channel(welcome_channel_id)
+            if not channel or not isinstance(channel, discord.TextChannel):
+                log.warning(f"Welcome channel ID {welcome_channel_id} not found or not text channel in guild {guild.id}")
+                # Maybe remove the setting here if the channel is invalid?
+                return
+
+            # --- Format and send message ---
+            # Basic formatting, can be expanded
+            formatted_message = welcome_message_template.format(
+                user=member.mention,
+                username=member.name,
+                server=guild.name
+            )
+
+            await channel.send(formatted_message)
+            log.info(f"Sent welcome message for {member.name} in guild {guild.id}")
+
+        except ValueError:
+            log.error(f"Invalid welcome_channel_id '{welcome_channel_id_str}' configured for guild {guild.id}")
+        except discord.Forbidden:
+            log.error(f"Missing permissions to send welcome message in channel {welcome_channel_id} for guild {guild.id}")
+        except Exception as e:
+            log.exception(f"Error sending welcome message for guild {guild.id}: {e}")
+
+    @commands.Cog.listener()
+    async def on_member_remove(self, member: discord.Member):
+        """Sends a goodbye message when a member leaves."""
+        guild = member.guild
+        if not guild:
+            return
+
+        log.debug(f"Member {member.name} left guild {guild.name} ({guild.id})")
+
+        # --- Fetch settings ---
+        goodbye_channel_id_str = await settings_manager.get_setting(guild.id, 'goodbye_channel_id')
+        goodbye_message_template = await settings_manager.get_setting(guild.id, 'goodbye_message', default="{username} has left the server.")
+
+        # Handle the "__NONE__" marker
+        if not goodbye_channel_id_str or goodbye_channel_id_str == "__NONE__":
+            log.debug(f"Goodbye channel not configured for guild {guild.id}")
+            return
+
+        try:
+            goodbye_channel_id = int(goodbye_channel_id_str)
+            channel = guild.get_channel(goodbye_channel_id)
+            if not channel or not isinstance(channel, discord.TextChannel):
+                log.warning(f"Goodbye channel ID {goodbye_channel_id} not found or not text channel in guild {guild.id}")
+                return
+
+            # --- Format and send message ---
+            formatted_message = goodbye_message_template.format(
+                user=member.mention, # Might not be mentionable after leaving
+                username=member.name,
+                server=guild.name
+            )
+
+            await channel.send(formatted_message)
+            log.info(f"Sent goodbye message for {member.name} in guild {guild.id}")
+
+        except ValueError:
+            log.error(f"Invalid goodbye_channel_id '{goodbye_channel_id_str}' configured for guild {guild.id}")
+        except discord.Forbidden:
+            log.error(f"Missing permissions to send goodbye message in channel {goodbye_channel_id} for guild {guild.id}")
+        except Exception as e:
+            log.exception(f"Error sending goodbye message for guild {guild.id}: {e}")
+
+
+    @commands.command(name='setwelcome', help="Sets the welcome message and channel. Usage: `setwelcome #channel [message template]`")
+    @commands.has_permissions(administrator=True)
+    @commands.guild_only()
+    async def set_welcome(self, ctx: commands.Context, channel: discord.TextChannel, *, message_template: str = "Welcome {user} to {server}!"):
+        """Sets the channel and template for welcome messages."""
+        guild_id = ctx.guild.id
+        key_channel = 'welcome_channel_id'
+        key_message = 'welcome_message'
+
+        # Use settings_manager.set_setting
+        success_channel = await settings_manager.set_setting(guild_id, key_channel, str(channel.id))
+        success_message = await settings_manager.set_setting(guild_id, key_message, message_template)
+
+        if success_channel and success_message: # Both need to succeed
+            await ctx.send(f"Welcome messages will now be sent to {channel.mention} with the template:\n```\n{message_template}\n```")
+            log.info(f"Welcome settings updated for guild {guild_id} by {ctx.author.name}")
+        else:
+            await ctx.send("Failed to save welcome settings. Check logs.")
+            log.error(f"Failed to save welcome settings for guild {guild_id}")
+
+    @commands.command(name='disablewelcome', help="Disables welcome messages for this server.")
+    @commands.has_permissions(administrator=True)
+    @commands.guild_only()
+    async def disable_welcome(self, ctx: commands.Context):
+        """Disables welcome messages by removing the channel setting."""
+        guild_id = ctx.guild.id
+        key_channel = 'welcome_channel_id'
+        key_message = 'welcome_message' # Also clear the message template
+
+        # Use set_setting with None to delete the settings
+        success_channel = await settings_manager.set_setting(guild_id, key_channel, None)
+        success_message = await settings_manager.set_setting(guild_id, key_message, None)
+
+        if success_channel and success_message: # Both need to succeed
+            await ctx.send("Welcome messages have been disabled.")
+            log.info(f"Welcome messages disabled for guild {guild_id} by {ctx.author.name}")
+        else:
+            await ctx.send("Failed to disable welcome messages. Check logs.")
+            log.error(f"Failed to disable welcome settings for guild {guild_id}")
+
+
+    @commands.command(name='setgoodbye', help="Sets the goodbye message and channel. Usage: `setgoodbye #channel [message template]`")
+    @commands.has_permissions(administrator=True)
+    @commands.guild_only()
+    async def set_goodbye(self, ctx: commands.Context, channel: discord.TextChannel, *, message_template: str = "{username} has left the server."):
+        """Sets the channel and template for goodbye messages."""
+        guild_id = ctx.guild.id
+        key_channel = 'goodbye_channel_id'
+        key_message = 'goodbye_message'
+
+        # Use settings_manager.set_setting
+        success_channel = await settings_manager.set_setting(guild_id, key_channel, str(channel.id))
+        success_message = await settings_manager.set_setting(guild_id, key_message, message_template)
+
+        if success_channel and success_message: # Both need to succeed
+            await ctx.send(f"Goodbye messages will now be sent to {channel.mention} with the template:\n```\n{message_template}\n```")
+            log.info(f"Goodbye settings updated for guild {guild_id} by {ctx.author.name}")
+        else:
+            await ctx.send("Failed to save goodbye settings. Check logs.")
+            log.error(f"Failed to save goodbye settings for guild {guild_id}")
+
+    @commands.command(name='disablegoodbye', help="Disables goodbye messages for this server.")
+    @commands.has_permissions(administrator=True)
+    @commands.guild_only()
+    async def disable_goodbye(self, ctx: commands.Context):
+        """Disables goodbye messages by removing the channel setting."""
+        guild_id = ctx.guild.id
+        key_channel = 'goodbye_channel_id'
+        key_message = 'goodbye_message'
+
+        # Use set_setting with None to delete the settings
+        success_channel = await settings_manager.set_setting(guild_id, key_channel, None)
+        success_message = await settings_manager.set_setting(guild_id, key_message, None)
+
+        if success_channel and success_message: # Both need to succeed
+            await ctx.send("Goodbye messages have been disabled.")
+            log.info(f"Goodbye messages disabled for guild {guild_id} by {ctx.author.name}")
+        else:
+            await ctx.send("Failed to disable goodbye messages. Check logs.")
+            log.error(f"Failed to disable goodbye settings for guild {guild_id}")
+
+    # Error Handling for this Cog
+    @set_welcome.error
+    @disable_welcome.error
+    @set_goodbye.error
+    @disable_goodbye.error
+    async def on_command_error(self, ctx: commands.Context, error):
+        if isinstance(error, commands.MissingPermissions):
+            await ctx.send("You need Administrator permissions to use this command.")
+        elif isinstance(error, commands.BadArgument):
+            await ctx.send(f"Invalid argument provided. Check the command help: `{ctx.prefix}help {ctx.command.name}`")
+        elif isinstance(error, commands.MissingRequiredArgument):
+             await ctx.send(f"Missing required argument. Check the command help: `{ctx.prefix}help {ctx.command.name}`")
+        elif isinstance(error, commands.NoPrivateMessage):
+            await ctx.send("This command cannot be used in private messages.")
+        else:
+            log.error(f"Unhandled error in WelcomeCog command '{ctx.command.name}': {error}")
+            await ctx.send("An unexpected error occurred. Please check the logs.")
+
+
+async def setup(bot: commands.Bot):
+    # Ensure pools are initialized before adding the cog
+    if settings_manager.pg_pool is None or settings_manager.redis_pool is None:
+        log.warning("Settings Manager pools not initialized before loading WelcomeCog. Attempting initialization.")
+        try:
+            await settings_manager.initialize_pools()
+        except Exception as e:
+            log.exception("Failed to initialize Settings Manager pools during WelcomeCog setup. Cog will not load.")
+            return # Prevent loading if pools fail
+
+    await bot.add_cog(WelcomeCog(bot))
+    log.info("WelcomeCog loaded.")

main.py

@@ -7,10 +7,12 @@ import sys
 import asyncio
 import subprocess
 import importlib.util
-import argparse # Import argparse
+import argparse
+import logging # Add logging
 from commands import load_all_cogs, reload_all_cogs
 from error_handler import handle_error, patch_discord_methods, store_interaction_content
 from utils import reload_script
+from discordbot import settings_manager # Import the settings manager
 
 # Import the unified API service runner and the sync API module
 import sys
@@ -29,15 +31,38 @@ except ImportError:
 # Load environment variables from .env file
 load_dotenv()
 
+# --- Constants ---
+DEFAULT_PREFIX = "!"
+CORE_COGS = {'SettingsCog', 'HelpCog'} # Cogs that cannot be disabled
+
+# --- Dynamic Prefix Function ---
+async def get_prefix(bot_instance, message):
+    """Determines the command prefix based on guild settings or default."""
+    if not message.guild:
+        # Use default prefix in DMs
+        return commands.when_mentioned_or(DEFAULT_PREFIX)(bot_instance, message)
+
+    # Fetch prefix from settings manager (cache first, then DB)
+    prefix = await settings_manager.get_guild_prefix(message.guild.id, DEFAULT_PREFIX)
+    return commands.when_mentioned_or(prefix)(bot_instance, message)
+
+# --- Bot Setup ---
 # Set up intents (permissions)
 intents = discord.Intents.default()
 intents.message_content = True
 intents.members = True
 
-# Create bot instance with command prefix '!' and enable the application commands
+# Create bot instance with the dynamic prefix function
-bot = commands.Bot(command_prefix='!', intents=intents)
+bot = commands.Bot(command_prefix=get_prefix, intents=intents)
 bot.owner_id = int(os.getenv('OWNER_USER_ID'))
+bot.core_cogs = CORE_COGS # Attach core cogs list to bot instance
 
+# --- Logging Setup ---
+# Configure logging (adjust level and format as needed)
+logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO, format='%(asctime)s:%(levelname)s:%(name)s: %(message)s')
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__) # Logger for main.py
+
+# --- Events ---
 @bot.event
 async def on_ready():
     print(f'{bot.user.name} has connected to Discord!')
@@ -87,15 +112,96 @@ async def on_shard_disconnect(shard_id):
     except Exception as e:
         print(f"Failed to reconnect shard {shard_id}: {e}")
 
-# Error handling
+# Error handling - Updated to handle custom check failures
 @bot.event
 async def on_command_error(ctx, error):
-    await handle_error(ctx, error)
+    if isinstance(error, CogDisabledError):
+        await ctx.send(str(error), ephemeral=True) # Send the error message from the exception
+        log.warning(f"Command '{ctx.command.qualified_name}' blocked for user {ctx.author.id} in guild {ctx.guild.id}: {error}")
+    elif isinstance(error, CommandPermissionError):
+        await ctx.send(str(error), ephemeral=True) # Send the error message from the exception
+        log.warning(f"Command '{ctx.command.qualified_name}' blocked for user {ctx.author.id} in guild {ctx.guild.id}: {error}")
+    else:
+        # Pass other errors to the original handler
+        await handle_error(ctx, error)
 
 @bot.tree.error
 async def on_app_command_error(interaction, error):
     await handle_error(interaction, error)
 
+# --- Global Command Checks ---
+
+# Need to import SettingsCog to access CORE_COGS, or define CORE_COGS here.
+# Let's import it, assuming it's safe to do so at the top level.
+# If it causes circular imports, CORE_COGS needs to be defined elsewhere or passed differently.
+try:
+    from discordbot.cogs import settings_cog # Import the cog itself
+except ImportError:
+    log.error("Could not import settings_cog.py for CORE_COGS definition. Cog checks might fail.")
+    settings_cog = None # Define as None to avoid NameError later
+
+class CogDisabledError(commands.CheckFailure):
+    """Custom exception for disabled cogs."""
+    def __init__(self, cog_name):
+        self.cog_name = cog_name
+        super().__init__(f"The module `{cog_name}` is disabled in this server.")
+
+class CommandPermissionError(commands.CheckFailure):
+    """Custom exception for insufficient command permissions based on roles."""
+    def __init__(self, command_name):
+        self.command_name = command_name
+        super().__init__(f"You do not have the required role to use the command `{command_name}`.")
+
+@bot.before_invoke
+async def global_command_checks(ctx: commands.Context):
+    """Global check run before any command invocation."""
+    # Ignore checks for DMs (or apply different logic if needed)
+    if not ctx.guild:
+        return
+
+    # Ignore checks for the bot owner
+    if await bot.is_owner(ctx.author):
+        return
+
+    command = ctx.command
+    if not command: # Should not happen with prefix commands, but good practice
+        return
+
+    cog = command.cog
+    cog_name = cog.qualified_name if cog else None
+    command_name = command.qualified_name
+    guild_id = ctx.guild.id
+
+    # Ensure author is a Member to get roles
+    if not isinstance(ctx.author, discord.Member):
+        log.warning(f"Could not perform permission check for user {ctx.author.id} (not a Member object). Allowing command '{command_name}'.")
+        return # Cannot check roles if not a Member object
+
+    member_roles_ids = [role.id for role in ctx.author.roles]
+
+    # 1. Check if the Cog is enabled
+    # Use CORE_COGS attached to the bot instance
+    if cog_name and cog_name not in bot.core_cogs: # Don't disable core cogs
+        # Assuming default is True if not explicitly set in DB
+        is_enabled = await settings_manager.is_cog_enabled(guild_id, cog_name, default_enabled=True)
+        if not is_enabled:
+            log.warning(f"Command '{command_name}' blocked in guild {guild_id}: Cog '{cog_name}' is disabled.")
+            raise CogDisabledError(cog_name)
+
+    # 2. Check command permissions based on roles
+    # This check only applies if specific permissions HAVE been set for this command.
+    # If no permissions are set in the DB, check_command_permission returns True.
+    has_perm = await settings_manager.check_command_permission(guild_id, command_name, member_roles_ids)
+    if not has_perm:
+        log.warning(f"Command '{command_name}' blocked for user {ctx.author.id} in guild {guild_id}: Insufficient role permissions.")
+        raise CommandPermissionError(command_name)
+
+    # If both checks pass, the command proceeds.
+    log.debug(f"Command '{command_name}' passed global checks for user {ctx.author.id} in guild {guild_id}.")
+
+
+# --- Bot Commands ---
+
 @commands.command(name="restart", help="Restarts the bot. Owner only.")
 @commands.is_owner()
 async def restart(ctx):
@@ -252,10 +358,13 @@ async def main(args): # Pass parsed args
     else:
         bot.ai_cogs_to_skip = [] # Ensure it exists even if empty
 
+    # Initialize pools before starting the bot logic
+    await settings_manager.initialize_pools()
 
     try:
         async with bot:
             # Load all cogs from the 'cogs' directory, skipping AI if requested
+            # This should now include WelcomeCog and SettingsCog if they are in the cogs dir
             await load_all_cogs(bot, skip_cogs=ai_cogs_to_skip)
 
             # --- Share GurtCog instance with the sync API ---
@@ -297,7 +406,9 @@ async def main(args): # Pass parsed args
     finally:
         # Terminate the Flask server process when the bot stops
         flask_process.terminate()
-        print("Flask server process terminated.")
+        log.info("Flask server process terminated.")
+        # Close database/cache pools
+        await settings_manager.close_pools()
 
 # Run the main async function
 if __name__ == '__main__':
@@ -314,6 +425,7 @@ if __name__ == '__main__':
     try:
         asyncio.run(main(args)) # Pass parsed args to main
     except KeyboardInterrupt:
-        print("Bot stopped by user.")
+        log.info("Bot stopped by user.")
     except Exception as e:
-        print(f"An error occurred running the bot: {e}")
+        log.exception(f"An error occurred running the bot: {e}")
+    # The finally block with pool closing is now correctly inside the main() function

requirements.txt

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 aiohttp
 discord.py
 python-dotenv
-psycopg2-binary
+asyncpg
+redis>=4.2 # For redis.asyncio
 Flask
 Flask-Cors
 gunicorn

settings_manager.py

@@ -0,0 +1,496 @@
+import asyncpg
+import redis.asyncio as redis
+import os
+import logging
+from dotenv import load_dotenv
+
+# Load environment variables
+load_dotenv(dotenv_path=os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), '.env'))
+
+# --- Configuration ---
+POSTGRES_USER = os.getenv("POSTGRES_USER")
+POSTGRES_PASSWORD = os.getenv("POSTGRES_PASSWORD")
+POSTGRES_HOST = os.getenv("POSTGRES_HOST")
+POSTGRES_DB = os.getenv("POSTGRES_SETTINGS_DB") # Use the new settings DB
+REDIS_HOST = os.getenv("REDIS_HOST")
+REDIS_PORT = os.getenv("REDIS_PORT", 6379)
+REDIS_PASSWORD = os.getenv("REDIS_PASSWORD") # Optional
+
+DATABASE_URL = f"postgresql://{POSTGRES_USER}:{POSTGRES_PASSWORD}@{POSTGRES_HOST}/{POSTGRES_DB}"
+REDIS_URL = f"redis://{':' + REDIS_PASSWORD + '@' if REDIS_PASSWORD else ''}{REDIS_HOST}:{REDIS_PORT}/0" # Use DB 0 for settings cache
+
+# --- Global Connection Pools ---
+pg_pool = None
+redis_pool = None
+
+# --- Logging ---
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+# --- Connection Management ---
+async def initialize_pools():
+    """Initializes the PostgreSQL and Redis connection pools."""
+    global pg_pool, redis_pool
+    log.info("Initializing database and cache connection pools...")
+    try:
+        pg_pool = await asyncpg.create_pool(DATABASE_URL, min_size=1, max_size=10)
+        log.info(f"PostgreSQL pool connected to {POSTGRES_HOST}/{POSTGRES_DB}")
+
+        redis_pool = redis.from_url(REDIS_URL, decode_responses=True)
+        await redis_pool.ping() # Test connection
+        log.info(f"Redis pool connected to {REDIS_HOST}:{REDIS_PORT}")
+
+        await initialize_database() # Ensure tables exist
+    except Exception as e:
+        log.exception(f"Failed to initialize connection pools: {e}")
+        # Depending on bot structure, might want to raise or exit here
+        raise
+
+async def close_pools():
+    """Closes the PostgreSQL and Redis connection pools gracefully."""
+    global pg_pool, redis_pool
+    log.info("Closing database and cache connection pools...")
+    if redis_pool:
+        try:
+            await redis_pool.close()
+            log.info("Redis pool closed.")
+        except Exception as e:
+            log.exception(f"Error closing Redis pool: {e}")
+        redis_pool = None # Ensure it's marked as closed
+
+    if pg_pool:
+        try:
+            await pg_pool.close()
+            log.info("PostgreSQL pool closed.")
+        except Exception as e:
+            log.exception(f"Error closing PostgreSQL pool: {e}")
+        pg_pool = None # Ensure it's marked as closed
+
+
+# --- Database Schema Initialization ---
+async def initialize_database():
+    """Creates necessary tables in the PostgreSQL database if they don't exist."""
+    if not pg_pool:
+        log.error("PostgreSQL pool not initialized. Cannot initialize database.")
+        return
+
+    log.info("Initializing database schema...")
+    async with pg_pool.acquire() as conn:
+        async with conn.transaction():
+            # Guilds table (to track known guilds, maybe store basic info later)
+            await conn.execute("""
+                CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS guilds (
+                    guild_id BIGINT PRIMARY KEY
+                );
+            """)
+
+            # Guild Settings table (key-value store for various settings)
+            await conn.execute("""
+                CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS guild_settings (
+                    guild_id BIGINT NOT NULL,
+                    setting_key TEXT NOT NULL,
+                    setting_value TEXT,
+                    PRIMARY KEY (guild_id, setting_key),
+                    FOREIGN KEY (guild_id) REFERENCES guilds(guild_id) ON DELETE CASCADE
+                );
+            """)
+            # Example setting_keys: 'prefix', 'welcome_channel_id', 'welcome_message', 'goodbye_channel_id', 'goodbye_message'
+
+            # Enabled Cogs table - Stores the explicit enabled/disabled state
+            await conn.execute("""
+                CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS enabled_cogs (
+                    guild_id BIGINT NOT NULL,
+                    cog_name TEXT NOT NULL,
+                    enabled BOOLEAN NOT NULL,
+                    PRIMARY KEY (guild_id, cog_name),
+                    FOREIGN KEY (guild_id) REFERENCES guilds(guild_id) ON DELETE CASCADE
+                );
+            """)
+
+            # Command Permissions table (simple role-based for now)
+            await conn.execute("""
+                CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS command_permissions (
+                    guild_id BIGINT NOT NULL,
+                    command_name TEXT NOT NULL,
+                    allowed_role_id BIGINT NOT NULL,
+                    PRIMARY KEY (guild_id, command_name, allowed_role_id),
+                    FOREIGN KEY (guild_id) REFERENCES guilds(guild_id) ON DELETE CASCADE
+                );
+            """)
+            # Consider adding indexes later for performance on large tables
+            # await conn.execute("CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_guild_settings_guild ON guild_settings (guild_id);")
+            # await conn.execute("CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_enabled_cogs_guild ON enabled_cogs (guild_id);")
+            # await conn.execute("CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_command_permissions_guild ON command_permissions (guild_id);")
+
+    log.info("Database schema initialization complete.")
+
+
+# --- Helper Functions ---
+def _get_redis_key(guild_id: int, key_type: str, identifier: str = None) -> str:
+    """Generates a standardized Redis key."""
+    if identifier:
+        return f"guild:{guild_id}:{key_type}:{identifier}"
+    return f"guild:{guild_id}:{key_type}"
+
+# --- Settings Access Functions (Placeholders with Cache Logic) ---
+
+async def get_guild_prefix(guild_id: int, default_prefix: str) -> str:
+    """Gets the command prefix for a guild, checking cache first."""
+    if not pg_pool or not redis_pool:
+        log.warning("Pools not initialized, returning default prefix.")
+        return default_prefix
+
+    cache_key = _get_redis_key(guild_id, "prefix")
+    try:
+        cached_prefix = await redis_pool.get(cache_key)
+        if cached_prefix is not None:
+            log.debug(f"Cache hit for prefix (Guild: {guild_id})")
+            return cached_prefix
+    except Exception as e:
+        log.exception(f"Redis error getting prefix for guild {guild_id}: {e}")
+
+    log.debug(f"Cache miss for prefix (Guild: {guild_id})")
+    async with pg_pool.acquire() as conn:
+        prefix = await conn.fetchval(
+            "SELECT setting_value FROM guild_settings WHERE guild_id = $1 AND setting_key = 'prefix'",
+            guild_id
+        )
+
+    final_prefix = prefix if prefix is not None else default_prefix
+
+    # Cache the result (even if it's the default, to avoid future DB lookups)
+    try:
+        await redis_pool.set(cache_key, final_prefix, ex=3600) # Cache for 1 hour
+    except Exception as e:
+        log.exception(f"Redis error setting prefix for guild {guild_id}: {e}")
+
+    return final_prefix
+
+async def set_guild_prefix(guild_id: int, prefix: str):
+    """Sets the command prefix for a guild and updates the cache."""
+    if not pg_pool or not redis_pool:
+        log.error("Pools not initialized, cannot set prefix.")
+        return False # Indicate failure
+
+    cache_key = _get_redis_key(guild_id, "prefix")
+    try:
+        async with pg_pool.acquire() as conn:
+            # Ensure guild exists
+            await conn.execute("INSERT INTO guilds (guild_id) VALUES ($1) ON CONFLICT (guild_id) DO NOTHING;", guild_id)
+            # Upsert the setting
+            await conn.execute(
+                """
+                INSERT INTO guild_settings (guild_id, setting_key, setting_value)
+                VALUES ($1, 'prefix', $2)
+                ON CONFLICT (guild_id, setting_key) DO UPDATE SET setting_value = $2;
+                """,
+                guild_id, prefix
+            )
+
+        # Update cache
+        await redis_pool.set(cache_key, prefix, ex=3600) # Cache for 1 hour
+        log.info(f"Set prefix for guild {guild_id} to '{prefix}'")
+        return True # Indicate success
+    except Exception as e:
+        log.exception(f"Database or Redis error setting prefix for guild {guild_id}: {e}")
+        # Attempt to invalidate cache on error to prevent stale data
+        try:
+            await redis_pool.delete(cache_key)
+        except Exception as redis_err:
+            log.exception(f"Failed to invalidate Redis cache for prefix (Guild: {guild_id}): {redis_err}")
+        return False # Indicate failure
+
+# --- Generic Settings Functions ---
+
+async def get_setting(guild_id: int, key: str, default=None):
+    """Gets a specific setting for a guild, checking cache first."""
+    if not pg_pool or not redis_pool:
+        log.warning(f"Pools not initialized, returning default for setting '{key}'.")
+        return default
+
+    cache_key = _get_redis_key(guild_id, "setting", key)
+    try:
+        cached_value = await redis_pool.get(cache_key)
+        if cached_value is not None:
+            # Note: Redis stores everything as strings. Consider type conversion if needed.
+            log.debug(f"Cache hit for setting '{key}' (Guild: {guild_id})")
+            return cached_value
+    except Exception as e:
+        log.exception(f"Redis error getting setting '{key}' for guild {guild_id}: {e}")
+
+    log.debug(f"Cache miss for setting '{key}' (Guild: {guild_id})")
+    async with pg_pool.acquire() as conn:
+        value = await conn.fetchval(
+            "SELECT setting_value FROM guild_settings WHERE guild_id = $1 AND setting_key = $2",
+            guild_id, key
+        )
+
+    final_value = value if value is not None else default
+
+    # Cache the result (even if None or default, cache the absence or default value)
+    # Store None as a special marker, e.g., "None" string, or handle appropriately
+    value_to_cache = final_value if final_value is not None else "__NONE__" # Marker for None
+    try:
+        await redis_pool.set(cache_key, value_to_cache, ex=3600) # Cache for 1 hour
+    except Exception as e:
+        log.exception(f"Redis error setting cache for setting '{key}' for guild {guild_id}: {e}")
+
+    return final_value
+
+
+async def set_setting(guild_id: int, key: str, value: str | None):
+    """Sets a specific setting for a guild and updates/invalidates the cache.
+       Setting value to None effectively deletes the setting."""
+    if not pg_pool or not redis_pool:
+        log.error(f"Pools not initialized, cannot set setting '{key}'.")
+        return False
+
+    cache_key = _get_redis_key(guild_id, "setting", key)
+    try:
+        async with pg_pool.acquire() as conn:
+            # Ensure guild exists
+            await conn.execute("INSERT INTO guilds (guild_id) VALUES ($1) ON CONFLICT (guild_id) DO NOTHING;", guild_id)
+
+            if value is not None:
+                # Upsert the setting
+                await conn.execute(
+                    """
+                    INSERT INTO guild_settings (guild_id, setting_key, setting_value)
+                    VALUES ($1, $2, $3)
+                    ON CONFLICT (guild_id, setting_key) DO UPDATE SET setting_value = $3;
+                    """,
+                    guild_id, key, str(value) # Ensure value is string
+                )
+                # Update cache
+                await redis_pool.set(cache_key, str(value), ex=3600)
+                log.info(f"Set setting '{key}' for guild {guild_id}")
+            else:
+                # Delete the setting if value is None
+                await conn.execute(
+                    "DELETE FROM guild_settings WHERE guild_id = $1 AND setting_key = $2",
+                    guild_id, key
+                )
+                # Invalidate cache
+                await redis_pool.delete(cache_key)
+                log.info(f"Deleted setting '{key}' for guild {guild_id}")
+
+        return True
+    except Exception as e:
+        log.exception(f"Database or Redis error setting setting '{key}' for guild {guild_id}: {e}")
+        # Attempt to invalidate cache on error
+        try:
+            await redis_pool.delete(cache_key)
+        except Exception as redis_err:
+            log.exception(f"Failed to invalidate Redis cache for setting '{key}' (Guild: {guild_id}): {redis_err}")
+        return False
+
+# --- Cog Enablement Functions ---
+
+async def is_cog_enabled(guild_id: int, cog_name: str, default_enabled: bool = True) -> bool:
+    """Checks if a cog is enabled for a guild, checking cache first.
+       Uses default_enabled if no specific setting is found."""
+    if not pg_pool or not redis_pool:
+        log.warning(f"Pools not initialized, returning default for cog '{cog_name}'.")
+        return default_enabled
+
+    cache_key = _get_redis_key(guild_id, "cog_enabled", cog_name)
+    try:
+        cached_value = await redis_pool.get(cache_key)
+        if cached_value is not None:
+            log.debug(f"Cache hit for cog enabled status '{cog_name}' (Guild: {guild_id})")
+            return cached_value == "True" # Redis stores strings
+    except Exception as e:
+        log.exception(f"Redis error getting cog enabled status for '{cog_name}' (Guild: {guild_id}): {e}")
+
+    log.debug(f"Cache miss for cog enabled status '{cog_name}' (Guild: {guild_id})")
+    db_enabled_status = None
+    try:
+        async with pg_pool.acquire() as conn:
+            db_enabled_status = await conn.fetchval(
+                "SELECT enabled FROM enabled_cogs WHERE guild_id = $1 AND cog_name = $2",
+                guild_id, cog_name
+            )
+    except Exception as e:
+        log.exception(f"Database error getting cog enabled status for '{cog_name}' (Guild: {guild_id}): {e}")
+        # Fallback to default on DB error after cache miss
+        return default_enabled
+
+    final_status = db_enabled_status if db_enabled_status is not None else default_enabled
+
+    # Cache the result (True or False)
+    try:
+        await redis_pool.set(cache_key, str(final_status), ex=3600) # Cache for 1 hour
+    except Exception as e:
+        log.exception(f"Redis error setting cache for cog enabled status '{cog_name}' (Guild: {guild_id}): {e}")
+
+    return final_status
+
+
+async def set_cog_enabled(guild_id: int, cog_name: str, enabled: bool):
+    """Sets the enabled status for a cog in a guild and updates the cache."""
+    if not pg_pool or not redis_pool:
+        log.error(f"Pools not initialized, cannot set cog enabled status for '{cog_name}'.")
+        return False
+
+    cache_key = _get_redis_key(guild_id, "cog_enabled", cog_name)
+    try:
+        async with pg_pool.acquire() as conn:
+            # Ensure guild exists
+            await conn.execute("INSERT INTO guilds (guild_id) VALUES ($1) ON CONFLICT (guild_id) DO NOTHING;", guild_id)
+            # Upsert the enabled status
+            await conn.execute(
+                """
+                INSERT INTO enabled_cogs (guild_id, cog_name, enabled)
+                VALUES ($1, $2, $3)
+                ON CONFLICT (guild_id, cog_name) DO UPDATE SET enabled = $3;
+                """,
+                guild_id, cog_name, enabled
+            )
+
+        # Update cache
+        await redis_pool.set(cache_key, str(enabled), ex=3600)
+        log.info(f"Set cog '{cog_name}' enabled status to {enabled} for guild {guild_id}")
+        return True
+    except Exception as e:
+        log.exception(f"Database or Redis error setting cog enabled status for '{cog_name}' in guild {guild_id}: {e}")
+        # Attempt to invalidate cache on error
+        try:
+            await redis_pool.delete(cache_key)
+        except Exception as redis_err:
+             log.exception(f"Failed to invalidate Redis cache for cog enabled status '{cog_name}' (Guild: {guild_id}): {redis_err}")
+        return False
+
+# --- Command Permission Functions ---
+
+async def add_command_permission(guild_id: int, command_name: str, role_id: int) -> bool:
+    """Adds permission for a role to use a command and invalidates cache."""
+    if not pg_pool or not redis_pool:
+        log.error(f"Pools not initialized, cannot add permission for command '{command_name}'.")
+        return False
+
+    cache_key = _get_redis_key(guild_id, "cmd_perms", command_name)
+    try:
+        async with pg_pool.acquire() as conn:
+            # Ensure guild exists
+            await conn.execute("INSERT INTO guilds (guild_id) VALUES ($1) ON CONFLICT (guild_id) DO NOTHING;", guild_id)
+            # Add the permission rule
+            await conn.execute(
+                """
+                INSERT INTO command_permissions (guild_id, command_name, allowed_role_id)
+                VALUES ($1, $2, $3)
+                ON CONFLICT (guild_id, command_name, allowed_role_id) DO NOTHING;
+                """,
+                guild_id, command_name, role_id
+            )
+
+        # Invalidate cache after DB operation succeeds
+        await redis_pool.delete(cache_key)
+        log.info(f"Added permission for role {role_id} to use command '{command_name}' in guild {guild_id}")
+        return True
+    except Exception as e:
+        log.exception(f"Database or Redis error adding permission for command '{command_name}' in guild {guild_id}: {e}")
+        # Attempt to invalidate cache even on error
+        try:
+            await redis_pool.delete(cache_key)
+        except Exception as redis_err:
+             log.exception(f"Failed to invalidate Redis cache for command permissions '{command_name}' (Guild: {guild_id}): {redis_err}")
+        return False
+
+
+async def remove_command_permission(guild_id: int, command_name: str, role_id: int) -> bool:
+    """Removes permission for a role to use a command and invalidates cache."""
+    if not pg_pool or not redis_pool:
+        log.error(f"Pools not initialized, cannot remove permission for command '{command_name}'.")
+        return False
+
+    cache_key = _get_redis_key(guild_id, "cmd_perms", command_name)
+    try:
+        async with pg_pool.acquire() as conn:
+            # Ensure guild exists (though unlikely to be needed for delete)
+            # await conn.execute("INSERT INTO guilds (guild_id) VALUES ($1) ON CONFLICT (guild_id) DO NOTHING;", guild_id)
+            # Remove the permission rule
+            await conn.execute(
+                """
+                DELETE FROM command_permissions
+                WHERE guild_id = $1 AND command_name = $2 AND allowed_role_id = $3;
+                """,
+                guild_id, command_name, role_id
+            )
+
+        # Invalidate cache after DB operation succeeds
+        await redis_pool.delete(cache_key)
+        log.info(f"Removed permission for role {role_id} to use command '{command_name}' in guild {guild_id}")
+        return True
+    except Exception as e:
+        log.exception(f"Database or Redis error removing permission for command '{command_name}' in guild {guild_id}: {e}")
+        # Attempt to invalidate cache even on error
+        try:
+            await redis_pool.delete(cache_key)
+        except Exception as redis_err:
+             log.exception(f"Failed to invalidate Redis cache for command permissions '{command_name}' (Guild: {guild_id}): {redis_err}")
+        return False
+
+
+async def check_command_permission(guild_id: int, command_name: str, member_roles_ids: list[int]) -> bool:
+    """Checks if any of the member's roles have permission for the command.
+       Returns True if allowed, False otherwise.
+       If no permissions are set for the command in the DB, it defaults to allowed by this check.
+    """
+    if not pg_pool or not redis_pool:
+        log.warning(f"Pools not initialized, defaulting to allowed for command '{command_name}'.")
+        return True # Default to allowed if system isn't ready
+
+    cache_key = _get_redis_key(guild_id, "cmd_perms", command_name)
+    allowed_role_ids_str = set()
+
+    try:
+        # Check cache first - stores a set of allowed role IDs as strings
+        if await redis_pool.exists(cache_key):
+            cached_roles = await redis_pool.smembers(cache_key)
+            # Handle the empty set marker
+            if cached_roles == {"__EMPTY_SET__"}:
+                 log.debug(f"Cache hit (empty set) for cmd perms '{command_name}' (Guild: {guild_id}). Command allowed by default.")
+                 return True # No specific restrictions found
+            allowed_role_ids_str = cached_roles
+            log.debug(f"Cache hit for cmd perms '{command_name}' (Guild: {guild_id})")
+        else:
+            # Cache miss - fetch from DB
+            log.debug(f"Cache miss for cmd perms '{command_name}' (Guild: {guild_id})")
+            async with pg_pool.acquire() as conn:
+                records = await conn.fetch(
+                    "SELECT allowed_role_id FROM command_permissions WHERE guild_id = $1 AND command_name = $2",
+                    guild_id, command_name
+                )
+            # Convert fetched role IDs (BIGINT) to strings for Redis set
+            allowed_role_ids_str = {str(record['allowed_role_id']) for record in records}
+
+            # Cache the result (even if empty)
+            try:
+                async with redis_pool.pipeline(transaction=True) as pipe:
+                    pipe.delete(cache_key) # Ensure clean state
+                    if allowed_role_ids_str:
+                        pipe.sadd(cache_key, *allowed_role_ids_str)
+                    else:
+                        pipe.sadd(cache_key, "__EMPTY_SET__") # Marker for empty set
+                    pipe.expire(cache_key, 3600) # Cache for 1 hour
+                    await pipe.execute()
+            except Exception as e:
+                log.exception(f"Redis error setting cache for cmd perms '{command_name}' (Guild: {guild_id}): {e}")
+
+    except Exception as e:
+        log.exception(f"Error checking command permission for '{command_name}' (Guild: {guild_id}): {e}")
+        return True # Default to allowed on error
+
+    # --- Permission Check Logic ---
+    if not allowed_role_ids_str or allowed_role_ids_str == {"__EMPTY_SET__"}:
+        # If no permissions are defined in our system for this command, allow it.
+        # Other checks (like @commands.is_owner()) might still apply.
+        return True
+    else:
+        # Check if any of the member's roles intersect with the allowed roles
+        member_roles_ids_str = {str(role_id) for role_id in member_roles_ids}
+        if member_roles_ids_str.intersection(allowed_role_ids_str):
+            log.debug(f"Permission granted for '{command_name}' (Guild: {guild_id}) via role intersection.")
+            return True # Member has at least one allowed role
+        else:
+            log.debug(f"Permission denied for '{command_name}' (Guild: {guild_id}). Member roles {member_roles_ids_str} not in allowed roles {allowed_role_ids_str}.")
+            return False # Member has none of the specifically allowed roles